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Click on the phrases to see them in context. The original texts by Immanuel Kant and David Hume are available from the Gutenberg Projet.

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PART I OF VIRTUE AND VICE IN GENERAL

 To begin, with vice and virtue; which are the most obvious causes of these passions; it would be entirely foreign to my present purpose to enter upon the controversy, which of late years has so much excited the curiosity of the publick. The uneasiness and satisfaction are not only inseparable from vice and virtue, but constitute their very nature and essence. We never love or hate a son or brother for the virtue or vice we discern in ourselves; though it is evident the same qualities in him give us a very sensible pride or humility.  We come now to the examination of such virtues and vices as are entirely natural, and have no dependance on the artifice and contrivance of men. Secondly, I would have anyone give me a reason, why virtue and vice may not be involuntary, as well as beauty and deformity. In like manner we always consider the natural and usual force of the passions, when we determine concerning vice and virtue; and if the passions depart very much from the common measures on either side, they are always disapproved as vicious.