| This division is far from being exact. |
| The raptures of poetry and music frequently rise to the greatest height; while those other impressions, properly called PASSIONS, may decay into so soft an emotion, as to become, in a manner, imperceptible. |
| But as in general the passions are more violent than the emotions arising from beauty and deformity, these impressions have been commonly distinguished from each other. |
| The subject of the human mind being so copious and various, I shall here take advantage of this vulgar and spacious division, that I may proceed with the greater order; and having said ali I thought necessary concerning our ideas, shall now explain those violent emotions or passions, their nature, origin, causes, and effects. |
| When we take a survey of the passions, there occurs a division of them into DIRECT and INDIRECT. |
| By direct passions I understand such as arise immediately from good or evil, from pain or pleasure. |
| By indirect such as proceed from the same principles, but by the conjunction of other qualities. |
| This distinction I cannot at present justify or explain any farther. |
| I can only observe in general, that under the indirect passions I comprehend pride, humility, ambition, vanity, love, hatred, envy, pity, malice, generosity, with their dependants. |
| And under the direct passions, desire, aversion, grief, joy, hope, fear, despair and security. |
| I shall begin with the former. |
| SECT. II OF PRIDE AND HUMILITY, THEIR OBJECTS AND CAUSES |
| The passions of PRIDE and HUMILITY being simple and uniform impressions, it is impossible we can ever, by a multitude of words, give a just definition of them, or indeed of any of the passions. |
| The utmost we can pretend to is a description of them, by an enumeration of such circumstances, as attend them: But as these words, PRIDE and humility, are of general use, and the impressions they represent the most common of any, every one, of himself, will be able to form a just idea of them, without any danger of mistake. |
| For which reason, not to lose time upon preliminaries, I shall immediately enter upon the examination of these passions. |
| It is evident, that pride and humility, though directly contrary, have yet the same OBJECT. |
| This object is self, or that succession of related ideas and impressions, of which we have an intimate memory and consciousness. |
| Here the view always fixes when we are actuated by either of these passions. |
| According as our idea of ourself is more or less advantageous, we feel either of those opposite affections, and are elated by pride, or dejected with humility. |
| Whatever other objects may be comprehended by the mind, they are always considered with a view to ourselves; otherwise they would never be able either to excite these passions, or produce the smallest encrease or diminution of them. |
| When self enters not into the consideration, there is no room either for pride or humility. |